METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN): is a high-speed network that connects local area networks in a metorpolitan area such as a city or town and handles the bulk of communications activity across that region. A MAN typoically includes one or more LANs, but convers a smallers geopgrapghic area than a WAN.
WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN): is a network that covers a large geograpghic area (such as a city, country, or the world) using a communicatios channel that combines many types of media such as telephone lines, cables, and raido waves. A WAN can be one large network or can consist of two or more LANs connected together.
CLIENT/SERVER NETWORK: one or more computers act as a server, the other computers on the network request services from the server.
SERVER: controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on the network and provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information.
CLIENTS: are theother computers and mobile devices on the network that rely on the server for its resources.
PEER-TO-PEER NETWORK: a simple, inexpensive network that typically connects fewer than 10 computers. Each computers, called a peer, has equal responsibilities and capabilities, sharing hardware, data, or information with other computers on the peer-to-peer network.
INTERNET PEER-TO-PEER (P2P): describes an Internet network on which users accesss each other's hard disks and exchange files directly. This type of peer-to-peer network sometimes is called a file sharing network because users with compatiable software and an Internet connection conpy files from someone else's hard disk to their hard disks.
NETWORK TOPOLOGY: refers to the layout of the computers and devices in a communications networks. Three commonly used network topologies are star, bus, and ring. Most networks, including the Internet, use combinations of these topologies.
STAR NETWORK: all of the computers and devices (nodes) on the network connect to a central device, thus forming a star. Two types of devices that provide a common central connection point for nodes on the network are a hub and a switch. All data that transfers from one node to another passes through the hub or switch.
BUS NETWORK: consists of a single central cable, to which all computers and other devices connect. The bus is the physical cable that connects the computers and other devices. the bus in the bus network transmits data, instructions, and information in both directions. Bus networks are popular on LANs because they are inexpensive and easy to install. ONe advantage of the bus network is that computers and can be attached and detached ar any point on the bus without disturbing the rest of the network. Another advantage is that failure of one device usually does not affect the rest of the bus network. The greatest risk to a bus network is that the bus itself might become inoperable. If that happens, the network remains inperable until the bus is back in working order.
RING NETWORK: a cable forms a closed loop (ring) with all computers and devices arranged along the ring. Data transmitted on a ring network travels from device to device around the entire ring, in one direction.
INTRANET: is an internal network that uses Internet technologies. Intranets generally make company information accessible to employees and facilitate working groups.
NETWORK STANDARD: defines guidelines that specify the way computers access the medium to which they are attached, the type(s) of physical cable and/or the wireless technology used. A standard that outlines characteristics of how two network devices communicate is called a protocol.
ETHERNET: is a network standard that specifies no central computer or device on the network (nodes) should control when data can be transmitted; that is, each node attempts to transmit data when it determines the network attemp to send data at the same time, a collision occurs, and the computers must attempt to send their messages again.
TOKEN RING: standard specifies that computers and devices on the network share or pass a special signal, called a token, in a undirectional manner and in a preset order. A token is a special series of bits that function like a ticket. The device with the token can tansmit data over the network. Oly one token exists per network.
TCP/IP: short for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, is a network standard, specifically a protocol, that defines how messages into small pieces, called packets; providing addresses for each packet; checking for and detecting errors; sequencing packets; and regularing the flow of messages along the network.
WI-FI (Wireless Fidelity): identifies any network based on the 802.11 standards. Developed by IEEE, 802.11 is a series of network standards that specifies how two wireless devices communicate over the air with each other.
BLUETOOTH: is a standard, specifically a protocol, that defines how two Bluetooth devices use short-range radio waves to transmit data. To communicate with each other, Bluetooth devices often much be within about 10 meters (about 33 feet) but can be extended to 100 meters with additional equipment.
UWB: (Ultra-Wideband) is a network standard that specifies how two UWB devices use short-range radio waves to communicate at high speeds with each other.
No comments:
Post a Comment